< p >这个答案将在西伯利亚关注最近的研究证据发现陷阱存款。为了这个答案,这个理论可能的威尔克斯地影响导致西伯利亚陷阱作为一个对映体火山反应不包括(请参见问题和答案< a href = " //www.hoelymoley.com/questions/3086/can-impact-events-cause-widespread-volcanic-activity-on-the-other-side-of-the-pl " >可以影响事件造成广泛的火山活动在地球的另一边?< / >目前的细节造型怀疑这种机制)。< / p > < p >许多研究人员引用,西伯利亚陷阱的最初原因是地幔柱,一些称之为superplume inpinged到上地幔,如下图所示:< / p > < p > < img src = " https://i.stack.imgur.com/sv8kn.jpg " alt = "在这里输入图像描述" > < / p > < p >图片来源:< a href = " http://palaeos.com/paleozoic/permian/permian4.html " rel = " nofollow noreferrer " >二叠纪时期< / >,< em >古< / em >。< / p > < p >然而,根据水列夫et al。(2011),观察和测量的地区受到西伯利亚陷阱展览没有证据表明pre-magmatic隆起和岩石圈的伸展,可以与地幔柱活动有关(如埃塞俄比亚阿法尔地区),他们的模型表明,有广泛的羽流侵蚀的克拉通地壳相当长一段时间。< / p > < p >岩石学证据水列夫et al。(2011)表明,一些回收的海洋地壳存在的羽毛。这种污染是在美元\三角洲^ {34}\ ce{年代}$分析熔体包裹体的布莱恩和法拉利,(2013)和黑色et al。(2014),他认为地幔熔体源接近大洋中脊玄武岩中发现的。< / p > < p >黑et al。(2014)还指出,一个重要的贡献者美元\三角洲^ {34}\ ce{年代}美元(25%)来自蒸发源。这与观察杰拉姆(richard Jerram) et al。(2013)联系metamosphism辉绿岩的堤坝和基材,表明玄武岩岩浆的注入有机和盐丰富的沉积盆地。这之间的交互有机物盐和熔岩卤化碳释放,\ ce}{二氧化碳等美元大规模灭绝归因于的(杰拉姆(richard Jerram) et al . 2013;自我et al . 2014年)。< / p > < p >,凝灰岩的流行导致杰拉姆(richard Jerram) et al。(2013)质疑西伯利亚陷阱是普遍的爆炸性火山活动的结果,相关的。堤防和窗台上入侵被认为是造成情景爆炸性喷发序列,根据自我et al。(2014)。这些火山喷发是phreatomagmatic沉淀镁铁质volcaniclasts根据布莱恩和法拉利,(2013)。 As, the crust eroded due to the plume (Sobolev et al. 2011), the eruptive sequences transitioned to basaltic lava flows, these are believed to have also been episodic, according to Self et al. (2014) with pulses of magma production and lava eruptions.
The map below shows the distribution of sill intrusions, pyroclasts and lava of the Siberian Traps.
Image source: IAVCEI - the red are sill intrusions, the light purple are pyroclasts and the dark purple is lava.
References
Black et al. 2014, Sulfur isotopic evidence for sources of volatiles in Siberian Traps magmas, Earth and Planetary Science Letters
Bryan and Ferrari, 2013, Large igneous provinces and silicic large igneous provinces: Progress in our understanding over the last 25 years, Geological Society of America Bulletin
Jerram et al. 2013, What happened at the start of the Siberian Traps? Understanding the onset of flood volcanism, American Geophysical Union, Fall Meeting 2013
Self et al. 2014, Emplacement characteristics, time scales, and volcanic gas release rates of continental fl ood basalt eruptions on Earth, The Geological Society of America Special Paper 505
Sobolev et al. 2011, Linking mantle plumes, large igneous provinces and environmental catastrophes, Nature